Functional Relationships Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Useful Relationships - Assignment Example Hence creation work interlink information sources and yields as for the situation gave. Taking for instance the modern creation of sugar at a sugar factory. For creation of sugar a few information sources are required for creation procedure to be finished. Despite the fact that there are numerous contributions from work, fuel, sugarcane flexibly, water and hardware the fundamental sources of info are sugarcane gracefully. To create yield y, input x1 and x2 are required for it to be delivered. Consequently, such info set has the accompanying impacts on creation of y. x is the aggregate information x1 and x2 alluded to as the isoquant. Consider a circumstance where there are two primary sources of info x1 and x2 for creation of sugar. Let x1 be sugarcane flexibly and x2 be work. Every one of these sources of info cooperate for creation of sugar. For Y amount of sugar to be delivered the firm need to utilize x1 amount of sugarcane and x2 work in the firm. Consequently, creation process requires various sources of info set up to deliver a given yield required. Data sources, for example, work, capital and crude materials are similarly significant in the creation procedure. All in all, expansion of additional contributions to creation unmistakably has incredible effect underway procedure. Creation capacities are dictated by inputs that are utilized. Such contributions for instance work, capital and crude materials are utilized in the creation procedure to decide the measure of yields in

Pride Definition Essay free essay sample

The pride that I have towards a gathering at chapel or an extracurricular club at school can have a wide range of Interpretations to others other than what I might suspect pride Is In my own translation. It could even be the active and energetic pride you apply inside those gatherings or clubs. Each Friday late evening during football season in the fall you can see the exclaimer of pride being shown by the Spirit Club inside the huge understudy segment coordinated towards the football crew, the band, just as the whole Incentive people group to get them all siphoned up for the game.The training of pride that the Spirit Club shows each Friday truly draws out the sort of individuals It takes to have so much pride and confidence to root for the football crew each week all through the fall. The Spirit Club is most generally known for the week after week Friday night custom of senseless string gone haywire during the second from last quarter while the Incentive High School drum line plays just as the serenades for specific players when they accomplish something remarkable. We will compose a custom article test on Pride Definition Essay or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Pride approaches devotion. Devotion approaches faithfulness. Being engaged with such a little youth bunch at SST. Palls Lutheran Church n Incentive, truly tests my devotion on a week by week basis.I still show my pride In being associated with such a little youth church bunch whether I am the main individual there multi week or whether there are eight individuals the next week. In our little youth bunch we take an interest in numerous network administration occasions to offer back to those in the network and we likewise have holding exercises, for example, lock-ins to carry us closer to god and the congregation. The only thing that is in any way important is that we come to demonstrate our pride to the congregation and God. Demonstrating pride towards a gathering or club Is one approach to characterize pride, yet you an additionally characterize pride as the pride somebody provides for Its own nation. Another way pride could be characterized as would be the pride somebody shows to Its own nation. This meaning of pride shows is extremely consistent with all the people that serve in our military since they are battling for their own nation. For example, my father has been in the Air Force for 22+ years and has been engaged with war endeavors throughout the previous 11 years demonstrating his pride that has for the US battling for our opportunity. My dad and an endless number of other people chance their lives partner by doing what they would need to and what they love most, and that would be battling for the opportunity of others.Think of the considerable number of individuals taking a chance with their lives to give individuals that they won't meet up close and personal a free nation. Indicating pride towards ones nation is something I find significant. There are a wide range of approaches to show pride inside your nation. Praising the Fourth of July every year is one way that we Americans demonstrate our pride to our nation realizing that on this day many years back we marked The Declaration of Independence proclaiming the US or America on the Fourth of July by shooting firecrackers, flame broiling franks and cheeseburgers, and once in a while in any event, taking an interest in a neighborhood devoted parade.The pride of ones nation ought to be essential to everybody regardless of where they live. Indicating pride towards ones nation is one approach to characterize pride, however you can likewise characterize pride as the pride somebody has inside themselves. Another way you could characterize pride would be simply the pride that somebody has inside themselves. The manner in which somebody takes a gander at pride inside themselves can differ to which everybody concurs about. You could have pride towards the physical part of your body. Perhaps your physical make-up is fit as a fiddle, so that is someth ing you invest heavily in so as to keep your body the manner in which it is. The pride you have inside yourself could likewise have some psychological qualities to come also. The psychological parts of pride could be the manner by which somebody needs every other person to take a gander at them. For example, when strolling through the lobbies at school there are numerous individuals that are judge mental towards others dependent on the vibes of one and other. They dont really take the risk and exertion to truly go meet this individual and talk with them to truly e what sort of individual they truly are and how much pride they have for others.People Jump to ends to rapidly and frequently dont see what pride other may have. Taking everything into account, there are a wide range of ways that you can characterize the pride. Pride can be the faithfulness towards a specific gathering or club, the pride one gives towards its own nation, or even the pride that somebody has inside themselves could be another approach to take a gander at the meaning of pride. Pride is an inclination of delight and fulfillment that you get when you experience something exceptional.

Music Therapy in Critical Care Units free essay sample

A glance at the various techniques for treatment accessible with music. This paper gives a nitty gritty record of the Music treatment technique for treatment particularly in the basic consideration units. It shows how present day researchers concur that a wide range of sorts of music can be helpful. A few people react well to reggae or jazz. Others are elevated or in reality recuperated, when they tune in to Gregorian serenade, or substantial metal. From the paper: Music Therapy is a type of sound wave treatment which incorporates a few other various apparatuses and strategies. The music advisors or the sound specialists when all is said in done work with tuning forks, melody units, conditioning, and music. Tuning Forks produce unadulterated sounds when tapped. The human bodies in real acts like a resounding board to the beats of the universe as the significant piece of the human body is water. The human cells reverberate with the vibrations of the sounds by which they are encircled in the day by day life. We will compose a custom paper test on Music Therapy in Critical Care Units or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page When tuning forks are being utilized the vitality squares can be discharged and the physical framework can be brought once more into arrangement. The sounds can likewise adjust the profound, passionate and mental bodies by making sounds through the tuning fork that the sensory system and the entire body can orchestrate to. The other instrument is the tune cases.

Donoghue V Stevenson - Free Essay Example

The fact in Donoghue V. Stevenson[1] was that the appellant drank a ginger beer that was bought by her friend in a cafÃÆ' © and she drank part of it from her cup. Her friend poured the rest and a decomposed snail was seen floating on the ginger beer. The nauseating sight coupled with the fact that the appellant had drank from it caused her shock and severe gastro-enteritis. She brought an action and the issue before the court was whether the manufacturer of an article of drink sold by him to distributor in the circumstances which prevent the customer/consumer from discovering by inspection any defect was under any legal duty to the customer/consumer. In searching for a principle of law, Lord Atkin used the comparative simplicity rule stating that the court should sought the duty which is common to all the cases where liability was established and base it on logical element common to the cases where it was found to exist[2]. Lord Atkin reinstated the general test for damages for negligence to be that the applicant must show that he had been injured by breach of duty owed by the defendant to take reasonable care to avoid such injury. This duty arises in circumstances where there was proximity and the defendant could reasonabl y foresee that the plaintiff would be affected by his negligence. Lord Atkinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"foresee-abilityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ test was based on the premise that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“people are so closely and directly affected by my act that I ought to reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to the act or omission which are called in questionà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [3]. These were the principles that was common to all the cases decided and which Lord Atkins considered. In Le Lievre V. Gould[4] and Heaven V. Pender[5], the courts held that there was a duty to take reasonable care to another even in the absence of contract, where there is proximity to other person or that other personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goods that he ought not to cause injury. This usually occur where A was so close to B or Bà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goods that he ought to take reasonable care not to cause injury to B or Bà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s goods. These same si mple rules was evinced in the judgment of the court in the case of George V. Skivington[6], where the court held that there was a duty on the manufacturer to exercise reasonable care to the purchasers. It can be deduced that the duty of care exist where there is proximity or where it can be shown that the defendant can reasonable know that the plaintiff would suffer injuries by his failure to take reasonable care. The test laid down in the Donoghueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case was that a liability in negligence for breach of duty of care would suffice if there was proximity between the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s action and the injuries was cause as a result of failure to take reasonable care. In Phelps V. London Borough of Hillingdon; Anderton V. Clwyd County council; Jarvis V. Hampshire County council; Re G (a minor)[7], the first case involved claim for negligence. The claimant who suffered from disability claimed that due to the failure of the defendant to provide adequate tuition and treatment he suffered injuries. In the second and third cases, the claimants who suffered from dyslexia claimed injuries as a result of their local education authoritiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ inability to provide suitable educational provisions. In the fourth claim, the claimant who suffered muscular dystrophy claimed that the defendant failed to provide him with the adequate training facilities to enable him to communicate appropriately with others. The HL held that persons exercising a particular skill may owe a duty of care and the fact that they are employed by the defendants to satisfy statutory obligations does not mean that no duty of care is required in the performance of their duty. Accordingly, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“failures by educational psychologists, failure to diagnose a congenital condition and to take appropriate action was damage for the purpose of the common law and although questions of causation and quantum might be very difficult, there was no reason in pr inciple to rule out such claimsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . The decision of the House of Lords in this case reflects the principle of proximity and reasonable care of the case of Donoghue V. Stevenson to award remedy for injuries that arise out of failure to take reasonable care. Also in Large V. Waldron[8], the claimant claimed negligence for reasons of failure of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s general practitioner to properly diagnose him and refer him to hospital when he had developed septicaemia and meningitis as an infant. The court held that the defendant failed in their duty of care and upheld the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim. However, in light of recent decisions, the court seems to have departed from this comparative simplicity test that prevails in an action in negligence. In Van Colle V. Chief Constable of Hertfordshire, Smith V. Chief Constable of Essex[9], The case involves two victims (G S). G was murdered days before he testified as a witness in the trial of B. T here had been threats and incidence of witness intimidation before the murder. In S case, he had complained that his former partner (P) had threatened to kill him. The police had sufficient evidence to arrest P but failed to do so. While the matter remained under investigation, P caused severe injuries to the person of S using a claw-hammer. The claim in Gà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case was brought under the article 2 of the European Convention on Human Rights 1950. The test that the court had to satisfy is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“that the authorities knew or ought to have known at the time of the existence of a real and immediate risk to the life of an identified individual from the criminal act of the third partyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and they fail to take reasonable measures within their powers to avoid the risk, then their obligation under the convention is breached. The court held that that in this case, from the information available to the police they would not have anticipated that B consti tuted a risk to G. In S case, the action was on the tort of negligence. If one applies the test of Lord Atkin to this fact, the first issue will be to decide whether failure of police to act would amount to breach of duty of care where there is proximity between the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s action and the injuries caused as a result of failure to take reasonable care by acting on the complaint. There is no doubt that failure to act can amount to negligence if the defendant could reasonable foresee that his inaction may cause injuries to the plaintiff or the plaintiffà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s property. However, in this case, the court failed to imply negligence in the police inaction and held that in the absence of special circumstances, the police owed no common law duty to protect individuals against harm caused by criminals. The introduction of a special circumstances clause to avoid liability clearly departs from the comparative test articulated by Lord Atkin in Donoghue V Stevenson. It suggests that the courts are limiting the necessary implication of the Donoghueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s test. In Hill V. Chief Constable of West Yorkshire[10], the case involved the murder of the plaintiffà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s daughter within the area where the defendant was the chief constable. The murderer was convicted murder. The said murderer had attacked and murdered series of other females in the area in the previous years under the same circumstances. The plaintiff claimed on behalf of his deceased daughter estate remedies against the defendant in conduct of investigations into crime and for failure to apprehend the murderer and thus prevent the murder of his daughter. The court dismissed the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s claim and appeal for not disclosing any cause of action. The court held that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“there was no general duty of care owed by them (police) to identify or apprehend an unknown criminal, nor did they owe a duty of care to individual memb ers of the public who might suffer injury through the criminals activities save where their failure to apprehend him had created an exceptional added riskà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . Notwithstanding, the court acknowledged that although it was reasonably foreseen that the said murderer was likely to attack female member of the public if not arrested but this does not in itself make the plaintiffà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s daughter at risk more than other members of the public. The exceptional circumstances in this case would occur where proximity of relationship between the police and the victim was greater than would with the general risk to members of public. These cases however clearly depart from the contemplation of the principles that is settled in the case of Donoghue V. Stevenson. The courts had introduced further element that relieves defendants from liability where foreseeable injuries occur as a result failure to take reasonable care. The court in the case of Wombwell V. Grimsby Fish Dock Enterprises[11], the appellant in this case claimed personal injury against the respondent for injuries caused on the respondents premises. The respondent had kept on its quayside cylinders containing gas under pressure for about 2 years. The appellant had entered on the respondentà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s premises to fit his boat for sea and had been injured by the cylinders when it discharged. The court held that the respondent did not owe any duty because the appellant use of the premises was not for the purpose he was allowed on it. The court in this case failed to follow the comparative element that the duty to take reasonable care is owed to all those that may reasonably be foreseeable to use the premises of the respondent. This duty is owed to anyone who is foreseeable to use the premises. The rule in Donoghue V. Stevenson is to award damages for injuries where the defendant and the claimant are in a position of proximity and the claimant suffers injuries because of th e failure of the defendant to take reasonable care so as not to cause injuries to the claimantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s person or goods. In this case failure of the defendant to remove the cylinder containing gas which it stored for years and the fact that the defendant could reasonably foresee that it may discharge and cause harm renders the court decision to depart from the comparative of Donoghue V. Stevenson. In Blake V. Galloway[12], the parties were engaged in high spirited horse game. The claimant threw at the defendant a piece of chipping bark which struck the defendant on his back. The defendant thereafter threw the chipping back towards the claimant and struck him just by the eyes causing substantial injuries. The claimant brought an action for battery and/or negligence. The court held that the defendant will be in breach of duty of care if his conduct amounts to recklessness or a very high degree of carelessness. The courts decision seems to depart from the obvious princi ple for which negligence was based. The underlying element in negligence cases was to award damages for injuries that were caused as a result of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s act where: The defendant and the claimant are in proximity. In this case, there is no doubt that the claimant and the defendant fall within this range of proximity. The defendant owed a reasonable care towards the claimant not to cause injury to his person by ensuring that it conducted in a safe manner towards the claimant. In this case, these elements are present however, the court failed to apply the comparative test to the fact. It is therefore my conclusion that in light of recent decisions in cases involving duty of care, the courts have failed to apply the comparative simplicity test of Lord Atkin to cases where injuries was caused to a claimant because of the defendantà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s failure to take reasonable care where he could reasonably foresee that his failure to take sure care will cause injuries to the claimant. Notwithstanding that the comparative simplicity aided in ensuring certainty, it seems overdue. However, changes in the test may affect the certainty of decisions in duty of care cases. Bibliography Blake V. Galloway (2004) 3 ALL ER 315 Donoghue V. Stevenson (1932) AC 562 page 580 George V. Skivington L.R. 5 Ex 1 Heaven V. Pender 11 QBD 503 Hill V. Chief Constable of West Yorkshire (1989) AC 53 HL Large V. Waldron (2008) EWHC 1937 (QB) Le Lievre V. G ould (1893) 1QB 491 Phelps V. London Borough of Hillingdon; Anderton V. Clwyd County council; Jarvis V. Hampshire County council; Re G (a minor) (2004) 4 ALL ER 504 Van Colle V. Chief Constable of Hertfordshire, Smith V. Chief Constable of Essex (2008) UKHL 50 Wombwell V. Grimsby Fish Dock Enterprises (2008) EWCA Civ 831 European Convention on Human Rights 1950 Footnotes [1] (1932) AC 562 page 580 [2] Donoghue V. Stevenson (1932) AC 562 page 580 [3] Ibid at page 580 [4] (1893) 1QB 491, 497 [5] 11 QBD 503 [6] L.R. 5 Ex 1 [7] (2004) 4 ALL ER 504 [8] (2008) EWHC 1937 (QB) [9] (2008) UKHL 50 [10] (1989) AC 53 HL [11] (2008) EWCA Civ 831 [12] (2004) 3 ALL ER 315

Auditing and Assurence Services Chapter 2 Solutions

CHAPTER 2 Professional Standards LEARNING OBJECTIVES | | | | | | |Exercises, Problems, and | | |Review Checkpoints |Simulations | | |1 |45 | |1. Name the various practice standards for internal, governmental, | | | |and independent auditors and auditing firms, and identify†¦show more content†¦Standards deal with measures of the quality of performance of those acts and the objectives to be attained by the use of procedures. The standards are less subject to change. The standards provide the criteria for rejecting, accepting, or modifying a procedure in a given circumstance. An example of the relative stability of standards and procedures is found in the change from non-computerized information systems to computerized systems. New procedures were required to audit computerized information systems, but auditing standards remained unchanged and were the criteria for determining the adequacy of the new procedures. The word procedure is used in SAS 46 (AU 390) -- Consideration of

The Tempest Essay example - 1428 Words

Gonzalo states: quot;We are people of our own minds and no one elses,quot; by this Gonzalo is telling everyone that no one can control what someone sees or does. This is true unless one is using magic to alter the minds and reality of anyone under the influence of magic. In the Tempest, by William Shakespeare, Prospero uses magic to alter the reality and delude the minds of characters. Love or guilt is a form of magic that naturally occurs in ones life. Prospero creates another magic that is placed in the audiences mind when he asks them to become the master magicians. Alonso and Gonzalos minds are deluded by Prosperos spells to make them unaware of what is happening around them or aware of something out of the ordinary, and†¦show more content†¦Prospero casts a spell to make Calibans body fill with cramps and pinches all over. Direct magic doesnt always work in one try, so a person may attempt to do something again. Caliban, Trinculo, and Stephano try to kill Prospero, but Prospero casts spells on them to fill their bodies with cramps and pinches. Prospero does this for two reasons. One is to keep from getting killed and, two is to punish them. Because of this, Caliban repents toward the end of the play. The spells are physically applied, but they also have a mental affect. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Natural magic is about to take place, i.e., falling in love and/or feeling guilty for ones actions. This is a natural occurrence in ones life and is part of reality. Miranda falls in love with Ferdinand when they first meet. Miranda tells Prospero about the fine looking creature. She may be saying this because she has never seen a man; nevertheless, she is in love. Prospero plans for this to happen; because Prospero is planning for this to happen, he has to make Ferdinand prove that he is worthy of Miranda. Ferdinand doesnt know Miranda, but wishes he could get to know her. They gaze deeply into each others eyes, and instantly they feel a passion burning that can not be hidden. Prospero expects this to happen, but he doesnt cast any spells. Ferdinand does physical labor to prove that he is in love with Miranda. This shows the powerShow MoreRelatedThe Tempest And Ceasire s Play A Tempest2170 Words   |  9 PagesOrobosa Omede Professor Tung Literature 305 Research paper Racism defined in Shakespeare’s play The Tempest and Ceasire’s play A Tempest ​Cesarie s version of Shakespeare play The Tempest is a postcolonial response that focuses on the point of view of the enslaved characters Ariel and Caliban. Cesarie emphasizes the racial significant that leads to colonial politics. In cesarie s version the tension between prospero and Caliban are more evident. Caliban is more vocal aboutRead More Tempest Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pages The Tempest According to Elizabethan beliefs an individuals social position was more or less fixed. 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English A Symbol of Power in India Essay Example For Students

English: A Symbol of Power in India Essay Languages fundamentally serve as vehicles for people to communicate. Today, English language has been internationally recognized as a global language, which is highly correlated with the legacy of British colonization in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. India was colonized by the British from 1765 until its independence in 1947. (World English, 101) India, situated in South Asia, is geographically a huge territory with tremendously diverse ethnicities. Prior to the British colonization, India has multilingualism, in which each language is deeply rooted with its individual culture. In a rich multilingual territory, it is interesting how English has gained its power, and can remain powerful even after the postcolonial time. Starting from the British colonial time, the use of English language became prestige and important in India, especially in the government administration and education. In India, the position of English has changed from the symbol of slavery and colonial power to the symbol of a globalization, a workplace literacy, education and economic power. There are many diverse linguistic groups in India prior to the colonial time. According to the 1991 census, a total of 114 languages are identified by the abstraction of 1576 mother tongues into different classification (Annamalai, 610). The language Hindi has the largest number of mother tongues, and it is one of the India’s fifteen major indigenous languages such as Urdu, Bengali (Annamalai, 610). During and after the colonial time, how did English language gain and remain its status in an enormous variety of linguistic zone? The origin of English in India began with the British first arrival in 1600s and its establishment of trading (World English 101). After the British colonized India, the popularity of English also increased. Nevertheless, the importance of English in India effectively began with the introduction of an English education system written by Thomas Macaulay in 1835 (World English, 101). After the establishment of the universities of Bombay, Calcutta, and Mad ras in 1857, English language gained its status and popularity as it became the primary medium of university education (World English 101). Ever since then, English has been accepted as the language of government and many social elite groups. After the independence, the question of which language would be the national language of India becomes a dilemma for many people. As mentioned before, Hindi is still the most widely used language in India. Therefore, many people suggested Hindi to be the national language. Although Hindi is spoken by forty percent of the one billion populations in India, the role of Hindi to become the India national language is still controversial. The diverse linguistic groups across India do not accept Hindi as the national language. â€Å"Other sub-nations feared the introduction of Hindi and had pride in their own languages. (Vanishree, 317)† In addition to their pride in their own languages, the non-Hindi speakers are also afraid that once Hindi become the national language, Hindi speakers will be more favored in the employment of government offices (Vaish 81). The non-Hindi speakers will subsequently have less opportunity in job opportunities. The dilemma continues until the involvement of English as the official language in India. This conflict in 1960s was solved by â€Å"the ‘three language formula’, in which English was introduced as the chief alternative to the local state language, typically Hindi in the north and a regional language in the south. (World English, 101)† English is currently regarded as an associate official language together with Hindi. (Vanishree, 336) Despite the continuous effort of some nationalists to weaken the status of English language in India, English remains as powerful in India. There are approximately about twenty percent Indians (over 200 million in 2001) making regular use of English (World English 101). It is the nationwide agreement that regional languages will cover only in the private domain such as home while English still covers many public domains such as education, technology, government, national and international communication, and business (Vanishree, 317). Therefore, in India, most people become bilingualism in English, which not only allows I ndia’s diverse linguistic groups to unify and work together under the same umbrella but also enable people to communicate easily through a common English language. .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d , .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .postImageUrl , .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d , .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:hover , .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:visited , .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:active { border:0!important; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:active , .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub1c997f06faea3994430fe0b9319ab5d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Creationism Vs. Evolution (954 words) EssayEnglish become a language of prestige because of its role in education. School textbooks are written in Standard English, and English is used as the medium of instruction in many schools all over India. Some schools such as â€Å"convent schools†, which exist in most cities and towns, required students to speak only in English within the school premises while other schools have English as a compulsory subject in the curriculum (Peri Bhaskararao). Higher education system such as universities of technology and science, and other post-graduate level requires even more demanding usage of English. The majority of people correlat e higher education with the assurance of job opportunities. Power of English fluency in economic urges many people especially students to pursue more in English so that they will be a part of the elite community. Therefore, many Indians appeal English language for the advancement of their lives. English has a large impact on the new generation of India. This generation is convinced that learning English will ultimately assist them achieving their goals. A study has been done to understand how English create personality in many students of India. In 2005, Viniti Vaish, an Assistant Professor in Singapore’s National Institute of Education, conducted a study with a group of Indian high school students about their attitudes and goals for English learning. During the interviews, students repeatedly used the words â€Å"job†, â€Å"rich/money†, â€Å"development of individual and country†, and â€Å"unique look/impression† in relation to English (Vaish, 85). However, students used words like â€Å"foundation†, â€Å"mother tongue† and â€Å"identity† in relation to Hindi (Vaish, 85). Although these students have positive attitudes towards both English and Hindi, they all concurred that English is a global language, which will promote them to have better job opportunities, confidence and good impression. They believe fluency in English will advance them to be more marketable and powerful in globalizing workplace of modernizing India. The globalization is the fruit of the current efficient communication system in India. The important communication systems such as radio and television network, News paper and media are currently using English in high-level. Furthermore, with the widespread use of Internet and wireless technology, English becomes the main language used in computing and software technologies. Furthermore, more and more international software and technology companies launch their business branches in India (Bhaskararao, 6) The work demand increases higher recruitment of technicians who are proficient in English. English again plays an essential role in the globalization process in India. In conclusion, despite the initial intentions to diminish English language right after the India’s independence, English has been rooted to the very basic lives of the majority of Indians that it remains as a prestige, powerful language in India. The globalization and the essential roles of English in education, government and workplace further reinforce the power of English. For the new generation, English remains its status and reputation, and it becomes a necessity to achieve many of the future generation’s dreams. Works Cited Annamalai, E. India: Language Situation Bhaskararao, Peri. â€Å"English in Contemporary India.† Asian/Pacific Book Development ABD (2002) Vol. 33 No. 2: 5-7. Vaish, Viniti. Biliteracy and Globalization English Language Education in India. Multilingual Matters Ltd., NY: Cromwell Press Ltd., 2008. Vanishree V.M., â€Å"Provision for Linguistic Diversity and Linguistic Minorities in India.† Language in India Strength for Today and Bright Hope for Tomorrow Vol. 11:2 (2011): 304-375 World English

Law and Informal Institutions free essay sample

International Business Chapter 2 Review Questions 1. Name the one pillar that supports formal institutions and the two additional pillars that support informal institutions. Answer: Regulatory Pillar that supports formal institutions and other two additional pillars name are Normative Pillar and Cognitive Pillar. Normative pillar refers to how to values, beliefs, and actions- collectively known as norms of other relevant players influence the behavior of focal individuals and firms. Cognitive pillar is the school support for informal institutions. It refers to the internalized values and beliefs that guide individual and firm behavior. 2. How does political risk affect global business? Answer: Managers and firms rationally pursue their interests and make choices within the formal and informal constraints in a given institutional frame work. While formal and informal institutions combine to govern firm behavior, in situations where formal constrains are unclear or fail, informal constrains will play a larger role in reducing uncertainty and providing constancy to managers and firms. We will write a custom essay sample on Law and Informal Institutions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3. Describe the differences among the three types of legal systems. Answer: Three types of legal systems are Civil law, Common Law, and Theocratic Law. Civil Law is a tradition that uses comprehensive statutes and codes as a primary means to form legal judgments. Common law is A legal tradition that is shaped by precedents from previous judicial decisions. Theocratic law is a legal system based on religious teachings. 4. Name and describe the three economic systems. Which economic system is the most common and why? Answer: Three economic systems are Market economy, command economy and Mixed  economy. Market economy is an economy that is characterized by the â€Å"invisible hand† of market forces. Command Economy is an economy in which theoretically all factors of production are state owned and state controlled, and all supply, demand, and pricing are planned by the government. Mixed economy is an economy that has elements of both a market economy and a command economy. 5. In what ways do institutions influence individuals’ and firms’ behaviors? Explain your answer. Answer: Institutions influence the decision-making process of both individuals and firms by signaling what conduct is legitimate and acceptable and what is not. Basically, institutions constrain the range of acceptable actions. 6. What fundamental aspect of democracy is relevant to the effective conduct of global business? Answer: Democracy is a political system in which citizens elect representatives to govern the country on their behalf. Usually the political party with the majority of votes wins and forms a government. Fundamental aspect of democracy that is relevant to global business is an individual’s right to freedom of expression and organization. 7. Name and describe the four types of totalitarianism. Answer: Communist Totalitarianism centers on a communist party. This system was embraced throughout central and eastern Europe and the former soviet union until the late 1980’s. It is still practiced in China, Cuba, Laos, North Korea, and Vietnam. 8. Give an example of how theocratic law affects daily business operations. Answer: Theocratic law is based on religious techniques. In Saudi Arabia, McDonald’s operates â€Å"ladies only† restaurants in order to comply with the  Koran’s ban on direct, face to face contact between unrelated men and women in public. 9. Name three types of intellectual property, and explain how they could be used in business. Answer: Patents are legal rights awarded by government authorities to inventors of new products or processes. The inventors are given exclusive (monopoly) rights to derive income from such inventions through activities such as manufacturing, licensing, or selling. Copyrights are the exclusive legal rights of authors and publish and disseminate their work, for example the book you are reading now is protected by copyright. Trademarks are the exclusive legal rights of firms to use specific names, brands, and designs to differentiate their products from others. 10. Our current system of intellectual property protection stems from what early patent law? Answer: Couldn’t find it in the book but guessing, most probably it is a civil law?

Factoring Values into the Analytical Process

Factoring Values into the Analytical Process Introduction The decisions of policy-makers can be affected by the values that these people have. They are supposed to find solutions that best serve the interests of the community. However, very often, the efforts of legislators do not produce the expected results. This paper is aimed at discussing the role of values in adjusting for governmental failures. There are several aspects that should be considered.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factoring Values into the Analytical Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More First of all, in many cases, governmental officials fail to reconcile conflicting values and examine a problem from various perspectives. Moreover, they can focus on short-term results, rather than long-term impact of a certain activity on various stakeholders. By avoiding these pitfalls, public administrators can design more efficient public policies. These are the main issues that should be examined in greater detail. Governmental failures and values The failure to look at the problem from various perspectives First, one can mention that policy-makers take decisions and provide justifications on the basis of their values. For example, one can mention such a controversial issue as oil drilling. A person, who focuses on the preservation of the environment, can emphasize the impacts of pollution on health and life of the community while presenting his/her arguments. In contrast, a politician, who attaches importance to economic development, will set stress on the benefits of this activity (Weimer Vining, 2010). In turn, these people may not be able to look at this question from various perspectives and design the most effective policies. Similarly, such a situation can occur when public administrators cannot properly evaluate the costs and benefits a certain initiative. This is one of the first problems that should not be overlooked. Evaluation of long-term implications Apart from that, the values of policy-makers affect the analytical approach that adopt. This argument is particularly relevant if one speaks about market interventions such as protectionism in the United States (Segal, 2010, p. 10). For example, a supporter of protectionist policies can pay more attention to the number of jobs that such a policy can save. In contrast, an opponent of this approach can say that this policy will deprive the budget of the country of substantial income (Weimer Vining, 2010). Moreover, customers may have to pay a higher price for identical products (Segal, 2010, p. 10). Such a view of the problem is not complete. In the long term, it can result only in the failures of well-intentioned laws.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Similar situations can be observed when governmental officials discuss the defense budget of a country. For example, those people, who v alue security, will speak about the threats that cannot be affectively addressed if the government does not increase its military expenses (Hewitt, 1991, p. 8). In contrast, other officials can emphasize the necessity to spend this money on other public needs. More importantly, these individuals are often unwilling to evaluate the long-term consequences of their decisions. Thus, one can argue that the values of a individual affect his/her choice of analytical framework. Conclusion On the whole, this discussion suggests that values play a critical for explain the failures of many governmental initiatives. Sometimes, the priorities of policy-makers can prevent them from examining the long-term consequences of their decisions. This problem should be taken into account by the legislators, who work on the development of laws. Provided that this issue is not addressed, their initiatives can lead to adverse consequences. Reference List Hewitt, D. (1991). Military Expenditure: International Comparison of Trends. Boston: International Monetary Fund. Segal, E. (2010). Social Welfare Policy and Social Programs: A Values Perspective. New York: Cengage Learning. Weimer, D., Vining, A. (2010). Policy analysis. New York: Longman.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Factoring Values into the Analytical Process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Burger Boy Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Burger Boy Paper - Essay Example For example, Marge is supposed to collect her daughter from the school bus at 2:45. However, Otis, the assistant store manager does not give her that chance to be with her daughter an aspect that would not only demotivate Marge, but also it would generate poor relationship with her daughter. Similarly, there slow delivery of services especially for the poorly paid employees such as Marge despite the fact that they are working for more hours per week. Poor communication between the seniors is also leading to confrontation that is not only been experienced by other employees but also by the consumers. One of the key problems that could be explained by compensation issues is the slow delivery of services. For instance, the fact that Marge is being paid $6.25/hr and is working for more hours than Jerry and equal to Chuck, makes her to portray heavy stress during the performance of duties. As a result, she is slow in her duties a situation that makes Otis to shout at her as a way of making her to be fast. Similarly, poor communication between the managers can also be attributed to poor compensation. For example, in their confrontations Otis informs Leon that he is sick for working 10-12 hours a day for the little wages (Jodi 16). This is an indication that if Otis wages are improved, it would be a major solution to avoid communication problems and managers confrontations. One of the key problems that could be lessened with diligent use of rewards other than pay includes absenteeism. By giving the employees ample time to rest either inform of breaks or off duties, the level of absenteeism will effectively be addressed an aspect that will ensure the Burger Boy has adequate manpower to deal with high number of customers during Fridays. Employees can also be rewarded through delegation of duties. This will ensure that they make independent and proper decision leading to lower level of

Organisations and Behaviour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Organisations and Behaviour - Essay Example In an organization where such culture exists emphasis is given on trust rather than orders (Grint 2005). This type of organizational culture has the following advantage: it can help to keep communication and cooperation with organization at high levels. Still, there is always the chance that certain employees take advantage of this culture for ignoring their obligations, according to their position; b) Role: the specific type of culture is based on bureaucracy; emphasis is given on rules and orders of superiors while hierarchy is highly respected. In organizations with such type of culture it is quite difficult for severe failures to exist at the level that employees’ activities are fully aligned with the rules set by the top management team (Grint 2005). On the other hand, this type of culture can harm team-work and communication within the organization at the level that employees would not feel as members of a team but as followers who have not the right to state their view in daily business operations; they have just the obligation to follow the orders given to them. In such environment employee performance cannot be easily kept at high levels; c) Task; it is the organizational culture that promotes the use of project-type tasks within each organization (Grint 2005); this type of culture promotes decentralization, leaving room for employee initiatives, a practice that can significantly enhance employee performance; however, this type of culture can set the integration of a business in risk if roles are highly decentralized; and d) Person: it is an organizational culture that highlights the value of person, as member of an organization (Grint 2005); such culture is applicable in family-owned firms or small firms but it cannot be used in large businesses (Grint 2005). 1.2 In the context of a business, the term structure is used in order to show ‘the form of an organization meaning especially the hierarchy of positions and relationships’ (Kn ights and Willmott 2007, p.197). Organizational structure, as described above, can be divided into three categories: a) Tall structure; it is met in organizations where the levels of hierarchy are many (Christensen et al. 2007); such structure can be useful for ensuring the control by the top management team of all business activities but it can threaten trust and communication; b) Flat structure; it refers to organizations with just one or two levels of hierarchy (Christensen et al. 2007); such structure enhances communication and team-work but it is difficult to be applied in large organizations; c) Matrix; the term denotes the dependency of each employee by many superiors, simultaneously; such structure is more appropriate for organizations in the public sector while in the private sector it could not be applied at the level that in the private sector independent departments usually exist for covering business needs (Christensen et al. 2007). On the other hand, in small businesse s such structure could be possibly applied. 1.3 The ‘chain of command’ principle is based on the idea that within organizations the full independency of individuals is not acceptable, meaning that ‘each employee should necessary have a superior to whom he had to report’ (O’Fallon and Rutherford 2010, p.76). This principle is applicable in organizations since it does not set as a prerequisite the excessive power of the superior over the employee but just the like the dependency of the employee

Environmental Studies Essay Example for Free

Environmental Studies Essay The population of the world has been on an upward trend for the most part of the past many years. The rapid rise in the population in the past had been attributed to factors like improved medical care and good nutrition. However, the statistics appear to be changing as the 21st century wears on. There has been recorded a decrease in the overall global population growth rate such that although there is still a growth in the population, the rate is reducing. However, the rate is not evenly distributed. Instead, only the developed nations where industrialization and modernity are advanced are experiencing the population slowdown. The developing World still has rising rates of population growth (I. R. C. , 2005). The reduction in the growth rate can be attributed to climatic changes that have in turn caused people to resort to totally new ways of living. There has been a lot of destruction to the atmosphere and the resultant effect has been that some of the plants and animals that were useful for improving the immunity of the people when included in the diet are now extinct. Global warming has killed many such plant and animal species; and the other effects have been that there is an increase in strange, previously uncommon diseases caused by climatic changes which are making more people to die faster than before. Life expectancy has also reduced because of these changes (Johansen, 2009). In addition, the lifestyles of people have changed drastically, including having diets that are less healthy such as the consumption of genetically modified substances whose chemical contents are harmful to the body and shorten life. This trend is bound to go on for as long as industrial development is going to continue, worsening as the effects of global warming resulting from industrial pollution increase (Vormedal, 2005). New factors are bound to come into play, including increased child mortality and increased resistance to medication available even as new species of pathogens and parasites emerge with changing environmental conditions. It is also expected that more people will be less willing to have children as the pressure on available resources increases, thereby pushing the population growth rate down. With globalization opening up doors of nations, more technologies and immigrants are expected to get in, and not only will there be a real pressure on resources available pushing families to downsize but there will also be a massive movement away from the use of natural, more nutritious food items to those that are artificial and developed through technology (I. R. C. , 2005). As such are likely to be more harmful to the body, many people will find themselves less fertile while the fertile ones will be less willing to have more than a few children. The few children born will have a reduced life expectancy due to increased diseases; and child mortality will be very high. As the figure below shows, the population of Canada has been on a downward trend ever since the start of this century. It is expected that this will go on as the country becomes more industrialized and as global warming becomes more pronounced. By the year 2030, the country will most likely be faced with the problem of having a majority of its population being people over the age of 65 years because the young people are those who are likely to be affected negatively by the forces causing this trend (I. R. C. , 2005).

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Around the turn of the last century, and in the nineteen hundreds, much literature was sent from Canada to the United States for the benefit of those that were interested in farming. People were led to believe that a short cut to happiness and prosperity was to simply go to Canada. It all sounded so interesting. It was written that anyone coming to Canada received 160 acres of land for ten dollars plus slight homestead duties. Canada was the land where you never heard the thunder. It usually rained only at night and the water was so pure, one could drink water off the ground anywhere and it would not make you sick. When you wanted fresh meat, all you had to do was open the door and shoot your choice of the wild game that was so abundant. Seeing no future for themselves as young farmers, on poor, stoney and heavily timbered land at Fosston, Minnesota, several families left for Canada to look for these homesteads. After arriving in Wadena, and with the local guide, the men began walki ng in the north direction. They followed an old Indian trail over to the quarter sections of land available for proving as homesteads. Each man selected a quarter that he would work, they were all enjoined. They had now put in two days of interesting and educationaldiscoveruies. Interesting, in that it looked like there was a future for this country and educational, in learning that you could not expect to be able to do much walking if you drank the supposedly pure water lying everywhere on top of the ground. The local guide was already a seasoned homesteader and anyone that knew him would realize that he knew how sick, those poor greenhorns would get from drinking all that slough water. The next day, they walked back to Wadena and took the train to Hu... ... We had so many ducks that winter that we couldn't eat them all before the weather turned warm in the spring. When we tired of eating duck, there were lots of bush rabbits, and when we tired of rabbits, we ate duck. On the 20th of march 1949, I awoke one morning to find mom in an unusual mood and she told me dad had left for a drive with Cathy and the buggy during the night. For the life of me, I could not grasp what was going on, or what was to take place. Then I heard the buggy on the frozen ground and sure enough, dad was home. He had a passenger with him. She was an older lady and I was told her name was Mrs. Thorsen. I was then told to hook up Black, a calf we had broken, and to drive to the new neighbors to see how the building of their new house was coming along. I went, but I was not away very long because I knew the circumstances were not ordinary at home.

Changing Roles Of Men and Women Essay

In the years that followed the second world war, a golden age in history was set out. There was a surge in business, and after mourning their lost ones, people had grown to accept this new life. However, this new age also led to the social hierarchy, placing men at the top and their women at their feet. Men at the time were more than likely soldiers, adjusting to peace time once more. For most men, the idea was that they would start a family, get a job, and enjoy the benefits of being at the head of the household. The most common image of a man from this time was the typical business man, in a suit, going out and providing for his family. (Some of the most common occupations for men were drivers, secretaries and businessmen.) In return, it was expected for his wife, and all women, to be what was known as a â€Å"Good Wife†. A â€Å"good wife† would be expected to have a meal ready for her husband, to have perfect hair and make up, and to wait for the man to finish speaking before she spoke. It was socially acceptable for the man to punish his wife if he was displeased. Marital rape was commonplace, but often went unreported, due the expectations of a woman to please her husband. This often meant that the husband was allowed to abuse his wife for his own pleasure. While it may have been seen as ideal to be the head of the household, the did come some downsides to being a provider. The main issue men faced would have been pressure to provide. It was up to the man and the man alone to provide for what was potentially an ever growing family. There would have been a number of factors that could have led a man to suffer from a great deal of stress. With the 50’s came the civil rights movement, giving way to more minorities being allowed to work in the same profession as a white man. There was also an influx of immigrants at this time, who were seen as a cheap labour force by any big industrial power. This led to a number of men losing jobs, which then added to the stress. America at this time was at the height of the â€Å"Red Scare†, a period in which a mass hysteria gripped  Americans, and a fear of communism was evident. People that failed to meet the American ideals were often classed as commies, and those that were, were unable to keep their jobs. Therefore, there were a number of factors that prove that despite the fact that they had supremacy, life for the 1950’s man was not as easy as it seemed. Women in the 50’s had a difficult life. Many traditional women had no problem being subservient to men, it was an idea that had been in place since the birth of most modern nations. Women in the 50’s strived to be the ideal wife. They spent an inordinate amount of time cooking and cleaning, ensuring that everything was perfect for when their husband came home. They would also ensure that they had perfect hair and make up, and would stand at the ready to greet their husband when he returned. Women would often suffer at the hands of their husbands if they were displeased, and the lack of equal rights laws meant that this was not only allowed, but in many cases, socially expected. Women were unlikely to have a career at this time, again relying more on their husbands to provide for the family. It was deemed as being disobedient if a woman went against her husbands will. In the 1960’s, a new wave of feminist protests took place, inspired by the civil rights movement. 1960’s Inspired by the successes of the civil rights movement, women became bolder in their demands, and a new wave of feminism took hold. Women began to campaign for equality, and wanted to bring about an end to discrimination against women. A leading figure in women’s feminism in the sixties was Betty Friedan. A leading figure in feminism, Friedan published a book in 1963, titled â€Å"The Feminine Mystique†. This was her term for a set if ideas that said that women’s happiness came from being wives and mothers. Friedan challenged this notion, insisting that women needed employment to avoid frustration and boredom. She wrote of hundreds of college-educated women who felt little better than domestic servants. Men in the sixties retained employment in the military, sales, factories and  construction. At the time, the majority of politicians were men, and very few women were allowed a job in power. Typical jobs for women included teachers, nurses, and home-makers. Even though they were working, they were still limited to jobs that focused on childcare, or minor medical care. More women than ever were entering into paid work, which led to an increase in dissatisfaction amongst women that were still living in patriarchal households. The sixties led to a number of breakthroughs in feminism. Gradually, Americans came to accept some of the basic goals of the Sixties feminists: equal pay for equal work, an end to domestic violence, curtailment of severe limits on women in managerial jobs, an end to sexual harassment, and sharing of responsibility for housework and child rearing. During the sixties, there were major changes in marriage, particularly in the bedroom. More than ever, women had begun to use contraception. By the end of the sixties, around 80% of women of childbearing age were using the contraceptive pill after its approval by the federal government in 1960. This freed many women from unwanted pregnancy and gave them many more choices, and freedom, in their personal lives. There were heavy feminine influences on much of the culture in thee 1960s. In 1963, an American woman, the physicist Maria Goepper-Mayer, won a Nobel Prize for the first time. The civil rights and antiwar movements politicized and radicalised a growing number of women bombarded with contradictory expectations and images about work and family. While Lesley Gore’s hit song ‘You Don’t Own Me’ climbed the charts, Leave It to Beaver and Father Knows Best dominated television. One in 5 women with children under 6 and nearly one fourth of women whose children were over 16 held paid jobs in the Sixties. Their pay, however, was 60 percent of the male rate. Though equal pay legislation passed in 1963, that did not solve the problem of low pay in jobs that were classed as female. In 1966, the National organisation for women was formed. In 1968, feminists protested at the â€Å"Miss America† pageant, claiming that the competition was sexist. It was no longer unusual to see women in the top positions of what were seen as men’s careers, such as Opera Winfrey on TV, Madeline Albright in diplomacy as Secretary of State, and and in the Supreme Court, with  Justices Sandra Day O’Connor and Ruth Bayder Ginsburg. 1970’s In the seventies, it was apparent that the protests of the sixties had caused changes. Women were now able to hold jobs that granted them more power than ever before. It is clear that at this time, people were generally more accepting, and as a result, this decade saw more female political leaders than ever before. Margaret Thatcher became Britain’s first female Prime Minister, in a move supported by most of the population. It was not her gender, but her social status and her actions that caused controversy, which in a way, showed that women were becoming more equal to men. Another woman who changed the face of politics include Isabel Martinez de Peron, who became the first female president of Argentina in 1974. She was also the first female head of state in the western hemisphere who wasn’t a monarch. Other women that took positions of great power included Elisabeth Domitien, the first woman Prime Minister of the Central African Republic; Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India until 1977; Prime Minister Golda Meir of Israel; Lidia Gueiler Tejada, who became president of Bolivia between 1979 and 1980; and Maria de Lourdes Pintasilgo, who became the first female Prime Minister of Portugal in 1979. Women’s rights and wages were high on the public agenda throughout the 1970s. Women continued to challenge traditional gender roles that confined them to work as child bearers and housewives, or kept them in routine, low-status positions. In the early 1970s, women constituted one-third of the workforce, but were still paid less than men. In 1972, the Whitlam Government ruled that women doing the same job as men should be paid the same wage. In 1979 women also won the right to paid maternity leave. Few women, however, were employed in managerial or high-status roles. More women had however, begun to work outside the house, men were allowed by society to show their sensitive sides. Whilst women would prepare for work,  men would take over more child care and housekeeping roles; a step away from any previously existing stereotypes regarding gender roles. However, with new conflicts such as Vietnam arising, it was a time when many men would be drafted and forced to fight. At this time, many people opposed the war in Vietnam, and believed that it wasn’t worth the loss. Therefore, women weren’t relied on as heavily during this conflict to keep things running on the home front, and so there wasn’t a major shift in gender roles. Equality spread to military service for 70s women as well. Women were however finally admitted into U.S. military academies, though assignments in combat would have to wait. The U.S. Army did, however, finally eliminate the Women’s Army Corps in 1978 and brought women into the U.S. Army. The feminism of the 60s had not yet died out, and what is referred to as the â€Å"New Wave† of feminism came to be. This was a huge success with women becoming more equal on any number of fronts. This was the first time that more women attended college than men, with the number of women in college making up 60% of the population. It was also in the sixties that the first female magazines were published, which featured male centrefolds. 1980s The 1980s saw major advances in technology, with televisions, early internet connections and video tapes all becoming more common. Some would argue that this was a new golden age in Hollywood, with hundreds of new movies and TV shows being readily available to those that could afford them. This growth in media had a direct impact on life at the time. Stars such as Sylvester Stallone and Arnold Schwarzenegger promoted the â€Å"tough guy† image in their violent, action packed ventures onto the big screen. This led to a lot of men trying to emulate this image, with some going to extreme lengths to get that â€Å"Action Hero Look†. Women in movies at the time were either shown as the â€Å"Damsel in Distress†, in need of rescue, or the love interest of the protagonist. Some films, such as the â€Å"Alien† series, broke this stereotype, casting strong, female actresses in leading roles. While some aspired to be follow the film stars of the time, another major media influence was in music. Madonna was one such icon, who broke all  previously set boundaries regarding what was allowed in the media. With her provocative outfits, controversial lyrics and strong attitude, she became a figure in the growth of females as sex icons. She has inspired many current musicians, many of whom are still seen as mere icons. She also paved the way for an era of scantily clad glamour models, who wore very little, and promoted the idea that a woman had to be thin, with clear skin and perfect hair, in order to be attractive. Men had become more and feminine, following influences of Bon Jovi, Queen, and other similar musicians. It was more common for men to have long hair, wear tight clothes and to complete more traditionally women’s roles. Michael Jackson was another influence, with his high pitched voice, outlandish outfits and his behaviour on stage, he showed a generation that men were able to sing, dance and generally perform as women did. Freddie Mercury also showed this. Being openly homosexual, he often wore women’s outfits, such as his trademark white jumpsuit, and danced whilst performing, making him an icon of the less masculine man in the 80s. The household hierarchy had changed again in the 80s, with more women being the breadwinner for the family. The 80s suffered from an economic recessions, so many families relied on both parents to go out and make a living. Eventually, this recession would come to pass. The financial world and the stock market were glamorized in a way they had not been since the 1920s, and figures like Donald Trump and Michael Milken were widely seen as symbols of the decade. Widespread fear of Japanese economic strength would grip the United States in the ’80s. The 1980s gave a variety of role models in the media. 1990s During the 90s, it is widely believed that women were slipping in some cases back into the previous roles of the caregiver. Women’s long quest for equality appeared to be coming to a halt. Bill Clinton was president of America throughout the 90s, and despite the fact that he was a notorious  womaniser, he was a preferred political leader to his wife, Hillary. Most men and even some women were uncomfortable at the idea of a woman being in the White House as leader of the free world. Despite the opposition to Hillary Clinton, she remained a member of the Senate, being the first woman to do so after their husbands term in office had ended. Other women were appointed to Clinton’s office in positions of power. During the time he was in office, he appointed Madeleine Albright as Secretary of State, and Janet Reno as the United States Attorney General. Sheila Widnall became Secretary of the Air Force, and Ruth Bader Ginsburg joined Sandra Day O’Connor as the second woman to be on the U.S. Supreme Court. Women were becoming significantly more visible in American politics. The role of women in politics was changing in other countries, too. Margaret Thatcher, who had been the Prime Minister of Great Britain throughout the 1980s, resigned in late 1990, ending an era in which young women saw her as an example of how a strong woman could successfully lead a major Western nation. Although women had made great strides in their self confidence in the 1980s, they almost seemed to be taking a step back at the beginning of the 1990s. However, this trend did not last for long. Feminism continued to grow in strength once again. When Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas was nominated, several women, including Anita Hill, came forward and testified about how they had been sexually harassed by him in the past. This gave other women the courage to speak out against the sexual harassment they had experienced in the workplace. As a result, many women realized they no longer had to suffer in silence while their male co-workers told obscene jokes or made suggestive remarks to them. With the 90s came even greater advances in technology, with computers and thee internet becoming more powerful, communication was made easier, and the media was able to have an even greater influence on society. Although women seemed to have made strides in Hollywood during the 1980s, they seemed to lose ground in the 1990s. In the theatres, most of the leading roles continued to be played by men in movies such as â€Å"Dances with Wolves,† and â€Å"Braveheart.† However, a few women were able to land leading roles in movies like â€Å"Twister,† and â€Å"Pretty Woman.† Although â€Å"Twister† portrayed a woman  scientist, â€Å"Pretty Woman† was the classic Cinderella story in which a poor girl has her life transformed by a rich, successful man. Music was again another influence in the 90s. Mariah Carey became the biggest female music artist of the decade. Other popular female recording artists included Spice Girls, Britney Spears, and Christina Aguilera. Some male performers were criticized by the National Organization for Women because their music appeared to advocate violence against women. In particular, they objected to the lyrics of the song, â€Å"Smack My Bitch Up,† by the Prodigy. In the video, a person was depicted abusing women and picking up a prostitute. Many women were vocal in their objections to this type of music, and the negative ideas it might give young men. Eminem also became controversial with the song â€Å"Kim†, which described the brutal murder of his ex wife. Despite some setbacks, feminism was alive and well during the 1990s. â€Å"You go, girl† was a popular expression during the decade. People also talked about Girl Power, and the importance of encouraging young women to reach their potential. The 90s saw more women in colleges and universities, and more women than ever began to graduate into higher levels of employment. As the 20th century drew to a close, women had made great progress, but were yet to achieve all of their goals. The New Millennium Many would argue that with the new millennium women have been able to achieve their goals. In some cases, this is true, with women being able to take up higher positions in employment. There are now more women as doctors, lawyers and politicians than ever before. There are less women being subject to abuse and marital rape in western society. More crimes against women are being taken seriously by the courts. Men are now more commonly taking up the role of the housewife. In many cases, the roles of men and women in society have almost reversed. The is no denying that society has changed. But this isn’t always the case. More than ever, the media has a tight grip on people. This means that its influences on society are greater than ever. Both men and women have grown to crave the looks that the media deems acceptable. The new millennium paved the way for the metro-sexual man, a male who takes great pride in his appearance, often using hair care products, fake tan and make up. This image is shown heavily in TV shows such as â€Å"Geordie Shore† and â€Å"The Only Way is Essex†. These shows not only promote this infeasible idea of what is good looking, but they also promote sexual promiscuity in their teenage viewers. This has led to a large number of teenage pregnancies, which has then either led to abortive procedures or students dropping out of education, barely able to support themselves. This isn’t the only way both genders are exploited in the media. Modelling has become more and more common, but for women in particular, it is seen as a necessity to have a petite frame with perfect hair and skin. But due to photo editing, women are perceived differently to in real life. This leads thousands of young girls to anorexia, bulimia, and in some extreme cases, anxiety and depression. Men are also edited in the media, but not to the scale that women are. Across the world, there are still places in eastern culture in which women have little to no rights. The Middle East in particular, is very strict against women. In some areas, women aren’t allowed to leave their homes without a male escort, and can suffer severe consequences if they do. Women in these cultures do not work, instead it is still the man that acts as the bread winner for the family. Recently, the president of Turkey attempted to ban women from laughing in public. Several years ago, it was illegal for women to vote in the Middle East. Both cases were met with huge resistance. Women defied the law and were finally allowed to vote. Women in Turkey openly laughed in public as a form on protest. Now, in the Middle East, women are finally beginning their struggle for independence. Islamic clerics continue to enjoy a tremendous amount of power, and often exercise great influence in the field of education. The Middle East (including Israel) is unduly hostage to clerics, who do not allow the codification of civil personal status laws. For example, only Cyprus, of all the Middle Eastern countries, recognizes interfaith marriages. Furthermore,  Islam has sanctioned and perpetuated many sexist practices and views, including polygamy, the stigmatization of menstruation, the requirement of wifely obedience to the husband, and the inequality of inheritance and court appearances. All of these practices have at one point or another been part of Christian and Jewish practices or cultures. Although religion bears major responsibility for the inferior status of women, it cannot be solely blamed for the gender problem in the Middle East. In reality, the role of culture has been even more prominent in perpetuating the oppression of women. Female genital mutilation, for example, is a cultural practice that has afflicted women in several cultures at different times in history. The practice, which in Islam garners dubious permission in an alleged Hadith of the Prophet, is largely unknown in most Muslim countries, though it is still practised in rural areas of both Muslim and non-Muslim parts of Africa. Similarly, the so-called â€Å"honour crimes† have no basis in Islam. Furthermore, though veiling has become a symbol of Middle Eastern oppression of women, the practice actually came to Muslim cultures from Christian Byzantium.

Ball State University Acceptance Rate, SAT/ACT Scores, GPA

Ball State University is a public research university with an acceptance rate of 65%. Located in Muncie, Indiana, about an hour from Indianapolis, Ball States programs in business, education, communications, and nursing are popular with undergraduates. The Communication and Media Building is named after the schools most famous alumnus, David Letterman. In athletics, the Ball State Cardinals compete in the NCAA Division I  Mid-American Conference. Popular sports include basketball, soccer, football, and track and field. Considering applying to Ball State University? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Ball State University had an acceptance rate of 65%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 65 students were admitted, making Ball States admissions process somewhat competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 23,988 Percent Admitted 65% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 24% SAT Scores and Requirements Ball State University has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to Ball State may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required for most applicants.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 68% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 540 620 Math 530 610 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing This admissions data tells us that of those students who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of  Ball States admitted students fall within the  top 35% nationally  on the SAT. For the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Ball State scored between 540 and 620, while 25% scored below 540 and 25% scored above 620. On the math section, 50% of admitted students scored between 530 and 610, while 25% scored below 530 and 25% scored above 610. While the SAT is not required, this data tells us that a composite SAT score of 1230 or higher is competitive for Ball State. Requirements Ball State University does not require SAT scores for admission for most applicants. For students who choose to submit scores, note that Ball State participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. Ball State does not require the essay section of the SAT. Note that homeschooled applicants as well students who attend a high school that does not provide grades must submit standardized test scores. ACT Scores and Requirements Ball State University has a test-optional standardized testing policy. Applicants to Ball State may submit SAT or ACT scores to the school, but they are not required for most applicants.  During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 32% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 19 24 Math 18 24 Composite 20 24 This admissions data tells us that of those who submitted scores during the 2017-18 admissions cycle, most of Ball States admitted students fall within the  top 49% nationally  on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Ball State received a composite ACT score between 20 and 24, while 25% scored above 24 and 25% scored below 20. Requirements Note that Ball State does not require ACT scores for admission for most applicants. For students who choose to submit scores, Ball State participates in the scorechoice program, meaning that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all ACT test dates. Ball State does not require the ACT writing section. Note that homeschooled applicants as well students who attend a high school that does not provide grades must submit standardized test scores. GPA In 2018, the average GPA of Ball State Universitys incoming freshmen class was 3.5. This data suggests that most successful applicants to Ball State have primarily high B grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Ball State University Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex. The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Ball State University. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Ball State University, which accepts nearly two-thirds of applicants, has a somewhat selective admissions process. If your SAT/ACT scores and GPA fall within the schools average ranges, you have a strong chance of being accepted. Keep in mind that Ball State has test-optional admissions, so your grades are going to be much more important than your test scores (though home-schooled applicants and those attending schools that do not provide grades do need to submit test scores). However, Ball States admissions process considers more than numerical data. The admissions office will be looking at the rigor of your high school courses, not just your grades. Ball State also likes to see involvement in meaningful extracurricular activities, and an upward trend in grades. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students. Successful applicants typically have high school averages of B- or higher, combined SAT scores of about 1000 or higher (ERWM), and ACT composite scores of 19 or better. Since Ball State has test-optional admissions, grades are much more important than test scores in the admissions process. If You Like Ball State University, You May Also Like These Schools Indiana University, BloomingtonOhio State UniversityMichigan State UniversityIllinois State UniversityUniversity of KentuckyDePauw UniversityPurdue University All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Ball State University Undergraduate Admissions Office.